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Project ARTICHOKE (also referred to as Operation ARTICHOKE) was a CIA project that researched interrogation methods and arose from Project BLUEBIRD on August 20, 1951, run by the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence.〔(Science, Technology and the CIA )〕 A memorandum by Richard Helms to CIA director Allen Welsh Dulles indicated Artichoke became Project MKULTRA on April 13, 1953.〔Church Committee; (p. 390 ) "MKULTRA was approved by the DCI The project studied hypnosis, forced morphine addiction (and subsequent forced withdrawal), and the use of other chemicals including LSD, to produce amnesia and other vulnerable states in subjects. ARTICHOKE was a mind control program that gathered information together with the intelligence divisions of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and FBI. In addition, the scope of the project was outlined in a memo dated January 1952 that stated, "Can we get control of an individual to the point where he will do our bidding against his will and even against fundamental laws of nature, such as self-preservation?"〔 Estabrooks, G.H. "Hypnosis comes of age". ''Science Digest'', 44–50, April 1971.〕〔Gillmor, D. ''I Swear By Apollo: Dr. Ewen Cameron and the CIA-Brainwashing Experiments''. Montreal: Eden Press, 1987.〕〔Scheflin, A. W., & Opton, E. M. ''The Mind Manipulators''. New York: Paddington Press, 1978.〕〔 Thomas, G. ''Journey into Madness: The Secret Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse''. New York: Bantam, 1989 (paperback 1990).〕〔Weinstein, H. ''Psychiatry and the CIA: Victims of Mind Control''. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press, 1990.〕 ==See also== * Unethical human experimentation in the United States * Frank Olson * Project CHATTER * Project MKDELTA * Project MKNAOMI 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Project ARTICHOKE」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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